Basic Information

Ethylene glycol also known as glycol, 1,2-ethyleneglycol, EG. The chemical formula, (CH2OH) 2, is the simplest binary alcohol. Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, sweet liquid with low toxicity to animals. Ethylene glycol can interdissolve with water and acetone, but it has less solubility in ethers. Used as a solvent, antifreeze, and a raw material for synthetic polyester. High glycol polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a phase transfer catalyst also used for cell fusion; its nitrate is an explosive.

Physical property

Steam pressure: 0.06 mmHg (20℃)

Viscosity: 25.66 mPa.s (16℃)

Heat of combustion: 1180.26 kJ / mol

Spontaneous combustion point: 418℃

critical temperatures:372℃

Critical pressure: 7,699 kPa

Critical molar volume: 186C3 / mol

Eccentricity factor: 0.27

Surface tension: 46.49 m N/m (20℃)'

Solubility: miscible with water / ethanol / acetone / pyridine acetate, slightly soluble in ether, insoluble in petroleum hydrocarbons and oils, can dissolve calcium chloride / zinc chloride / sodium chloride / potassium carbonate / potassium chloride / potassium iodide / potassium hydroxide and other inorganic substances.

At 25 degrees C, the dielectric constant is 37.

It is easy to absorb moisture at high concentration.

Chemical property

Because of the low molecular weight, active nature, it can be esterification, etherification, alcoholization, oxidation, acetal, dehydration and other reactions.

Similar to ethanol, it can mainly react with inorganic or organic acids to produce esters. Generally, only one hydroxyl group reacts first. After increasing the temperature and increasing the amount of acid, both hydroxyl groups can form esters. If reacted with the nitric acid mixed with sulfuric acid, the dinitrate is formed. Acyl chloride or anhydride readily causes two hydroxyl groups to form esters. When ethylene glycol is heated under the action of catalyst (manganese dioxide, alumina, zinc oxide, or sulfuric acid), intra-molecular or intermolecular water loss may occur. Ethylene glycol can interact with alkali metals or alkali soil metals to form alcohol salts. When the metal is usually dissolved in the diol, only a single alcohol salt; if the alcohol salt (such as ethylene glycol monosodium) is heated in the hydrogen flow to 180~200 C, ethylene glycol disodium and ethylene glycol can be formed. In addition, use ethylene glycol with 2mol sodium methanol to obtain ethylene glycol diodium. Didium glycol reacts with halogenanes to produce ethylene glycol monoether or double ether. Disodium ethylene glycol reacts with 1,2-dibromoethane to form a dioxygen ring. In addition, ethylene glycol is also easy to oxidation, with the different oxidant or reaction conditions used, can produce various products, such as glycolaldehyde HOCH2CHO, glyoxal OHCCHO, glycolic acid HOCH2COOH, oxalate HOOCCOOH and carbon dioxide and water. Ethylene glycol, unlike other diols, can undergo carbon chain breakage upon periodate oxidation. Ethylene glycol is often used instead of glycerol. In the tanning and pharmaceutical industries, used as hydration and solvents, respectively. Dinitrate, a derivative of ethylene glycol, is an explosive. Single ether or single ether of ethylene glycol are good solvents, such as HOCH2CH2OCH3, a fiber-soluble fibers, resins, paints, and many other organic matter. Ethylene glycol has a strong dissolution capacity, but it is easy to metabolism and oxidation to produce toxic oxalic acid, so it cannot be widely used as a solvent.

Application

It is mainly used for making polyester, polyester, polyester resin, hygroscopic agent, hygroscopic agent, plasticizer, surfactant, synthetic fiber, cosmetics and explosives, and used as dyes, ink and other solvents, preparation of engine antifreeze, gas dewatering agent, manufacturing resin, can also be used in cellophane, fiber, leather, adhesive wetting agent. Can produce synthetic resin PET, fiber grade PET, namely polyester fiber, bottle sheet grade PET is used for making mineral water bottles, etc. Also can produce alkyd resin, glyoxal, and so on, but also used as antifreeze. In addition to being used as an antifreeze agent for automobiles, it is also used for the transportation of industrial cooling capacity, generally known as the carrier cooling agent, and at the same time, it can also be used as water as a condensate agent.

Ethylene glycol methyl ether series products are advanced organic solvents with excellent performance, used as solvent and thinner for printing ink, industrial cleaning agent, paint (nitrofiber paint, varnish, porcelain paint), copper coating plate, printing and dyeing; can be used as raw materials for chemical products such as pesticide intermediates, pharmaceutical intermediates and synthetic brake fluid; as electrolyte for electrolytic capacitor, leather chemical fiber dye, etc. It is used as textile additives, synthetic liquid dyes, as well as fertilizer and desulfurizer in oil refining production.

Ethylene glycol should be noted when used as a load cooling agent:

1. The freezing point changes with the concentration of ethylene glycol in aqueous solution. When the concentration is below 60%, the concentration of ethylene glycol in aqueous solution increases and the freezing point decreases, but after the concentration exceeds 60%, with the increase of ethylene glycol concentration, the freezing point is rising, and the viscosity will also increase with the increase of the concentration. When the concentration reaches 99.9%, its freezing point rises to-13.2℃, which is an important reason why the concentrated antifreeze liquid (antifreeze mother liquor) cannot be directly used, and must attract the attention of users.

2. Ethylene glycol contains hydroxyl group, working at 80 degrees Celsius-90℃ for a long time, ethylene glycol is first oxidized to glycolic acid, and then oxidized to oxalic acid, that is, acetic acid acid (oxalic acid), contains two carboxyl groups. Oxalic acid and its side products first affect the central nervous system, then the heart, and then the kidneys. Ethylene glycol diacetic acid, causing corrosion to the equipment and leakage. Therefore, in the prepared antifreeze liquid, there must also be preservatives, to prevent the corrosion of steel and aluminum and scale generation.

Packaging storage and transportation

Package in galvanized iron barrels, 100 Kg or 200 Kg per barrel. Storage should be sealed, long-term storage to nitrogen sealing, moisture-proof, fireproof, anti-freezing. Storage and transport according to flammable chemicals